A NEW NAZI SUCCESS .sx LARGEST PARTY IN OLDENBURG .sx FROM OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT .sx OLDENBURG , MAY 18 .sx Yesterday's election to the Diet of the Free State of Oldenburg has returned Herr Hitler's National-Socialist Party for the first time as the largest party in a German State Parliament .sx The Nazis polled nearly twice as many votes as the Socialists , now the second largest party , and increased their vote by almost one-third over the figures in the last Reichstag election .sx The following official figures show the votes received by the various parties in the Reichstag election of last September and in yesterday's Diet elections .sx It will be seen that the results emphasize the tendencies shown by other recent elections .sx The two extreme parties continue to gain the Communist in-crease in an agricultural State like Olden-burg is remarkable the Socialists are losing some ground ; the Clerical Centre maintains its position , thanks largely to the personal prestige of the present Chancellor ; and the small parties of the Left and Right-Centre are disappearing .sx THE-NEW DIET .sx The Oldenburg Diet comprises 48 members and will now have the following composition :sx - Even the probable cooperation of the Nationalists and the less likely support of the People's Party does not therefore give the Nazis a majority .sx No majority coalition seems to be possible , and a period of minority government may well be followed by new elections .sx To the observer coming from Prussia , where the Nazi uniform is banned and the party's activities are carefully regulated , the strength of the party here was at once obvious .sx In the main streets the Nazi headquarters stood out by reason of the crowds always gathered before it .sx No signs of any particular activity by the other parties were to be seen .sx Young men of the Nazi " storm detachments " were everywhere .sx They are now very well appointed and turned out , their dress is uniform in almost every detail , and they bear the marks of good discipline and training .sx A visit to their crowded election meetings con-firmed the impression that the youth and enthusiasm of Oldenburg were all on their side .sx A tour of the countryside yesterday in the company of an indefatigable party secretary , whose German-made Austin car was known and greeted in every village , left no possible doubt in the visitor's mind about the result of the poll so far as the country population was concerned .sx In every town , village , and Bauernhaus ( group of small farms ) the Nazis have firmly established them-selves .sx The small farmer , his sons , his labourers , the local chemist with shoulder shattered in the War , the Ammerland peasants , whose families have lived for centuries in one authenticated case since 800 A.D. on the same ground and who inhabit to-day great single-storeyed farms , where the smoke from open fires is made to do the work of curing the hams hung in the roof , warming the house , and deverminizing the cattle and pigs which live under the common roof , all these greeted any wearer of the Nazi badge with an upraised arm and a cry of " Hail !sx " Even the elderly farm labourers passing in the village streets saluted each other in this picturesque Roman fashion , and nobody saw any thing incongruous in it .sx YOUNG PLAN BLAMED .sx It would be hard even in England to find any rural scene more pleasant and seemingly prosperous than that of Oldenburg to-day , where fat herds of cattle pasture on lush grass not seen in such abundance in many places in Germany .sx The peasant and the small farmer , however the big landowner is rare in Oldenburg though they may live well , are short of cash , they are heavily mortgaged , interest rates are high , the prices they obtain are low , and taxation is almost unendurable .sx Of all the explanations I have heard of the firm hold the Nazis have gained upon these people , whose very bones are rooted in the soil , this economic explanation seems to me the true one .sx In every village Nazi speakers tell the country people that the " Young policy of fulfilment and enslavement " is to blame for the bad times .sx In every village the Nazis have a " storm detachment , " or , if there are not enough young men for that , a local group .sx They have held four or five meetings to every one held by the other parties during the election campaign , and have sent their well-trained speakers to the smallest hamlet .sx Their organization is remarkably complete .sx These are the conditions in Oldenburg , an agricultural State where there is possibly a natural tendency towards such movements as the National-Socialist movement , and it does not , follow that the Nazis have made such progress elsewhere .sx I watched yesterday afternoon as the voting papers were counted by the village fathers at Wiefelstede , some miles from Oldenburg .sx In this village 532 people are entitled to vote , and 403 actually voted .sx Of these 335 voted for the Nazis , and not more than 19 for any other single party .sx Similar results were announced in many other villages I passed through and in dozens of places throughout the State .sx In Rastede , where the Grand Dukes of Oldenburg had their summer seat , where the family still resides , and where some of its members belong to the Nazis , the party polled 1,842 votes , and no other party more than 430 .sx YUGOSLAV LOAN .sx POLITICAL ASPECTS .sx FROM OUR CORRESPONDENT BELGRADE , MAY 18 .sx In spite of the uneasiness caused in many quarters by the difficulties of the Credit-Anstalt the subscription to the Yugoslav tranche of the new loan was opened here to-day .sx The subscriptions were to have begun also in Paris according to the Agreement between the Government and the bankers , but the latter exercised their right and postponed , for several days , the opening of the subscription lists abroad .sx FROM A CORRESPONDENT IN BELGRADE .sx It is difficult to estimate the exact bearing of a financial operation with a political background in a country where criticism is forbidden and no information may be published beyond the official communique .sx Official Press comment on the Yugoslav loan is plentiful and claims to express the universal satisfaction of the nation .sx But in talks at banks , business houses , and clubs one may hear voices which certainly do not echo the official jubilation .sx This loan , though described as a stabilization and investment operation , seems to be a political rather than a financial achievement , designed to raise Yugoslav prestige abroad and to strike the public imagination at home .sx Its connexion with political prestige is recognized both by Government and Opposition .sx Its political advantages perhaps compensate in official eyes for certain disadvantages , in-separable from the contracting of a loan at a moment when the money market is hardly favourable to purely commercial issues .sx On the other hand some Belgrade bankers are wondering whether from the purely business standpoint this was the right moment to undertake this operation , and whether obtaining a small loan on a basis of political interests and connexions may not ultimately owing to the political obligation which it may entail be an impediment to the floating of a larger and more advantageous loan on the British or American market .sx The official communique says that a loan of 8,300,000 has been obtained , the price of issue is 87 , the net price to the Government being 82 .sx The amount to be raised abroad is 6,357,000 .sx The sum required for the legal stabilization of the dinar at its present rate is given officially as 5,067,800 , leaving a balance of 1,289,200 , as there are still many accounts at home and abroad awaiting payment for works which are already in progress .sx The legal stabilization of the dinar will be en-forced on June 28 .sx The practical rate of the dinar ( 100 dinars to 9.13 Swiss francs ) is being maintained by a stock of hills in foreign currencies which are used by the Ministry of Finance for intervention on the Bourse when-ever there were signs of a fall in the dinar .sx This stock amounted on December 31 , 1929 , to 6,367,420 , but it fell , according to official statistics , on February 15 , 1931 , to 1,361,080 .sx The present loan will restore the backing for the dinar .sx There remain the liabilities connected with the loan .sx The official and semi-official communications in Belgrade declared that there were no obligations at all except the stipulations of the loan contract .sx But at the same time the French issued in Paris a communique to the effect that they had received from the Yugoslav Government " les assurances les plus formelles " to settle the question of the Yugoslav part in the Ottoman Debt to the satisfaction of both sides that is to say , without having recourse to any arbitration by The Hague Court , as was the case with the pre-War loans .sx This announcement was not allowed to appear in Belgrade .sx Another obligation obviously assumed by the Yugoslavs is the total reform of the statutes of the National Bank .sx Hitherto the National Bank has been a limited company , and although under the aegis of the Government was still administered , like all other banks , by a board elected by the shareholders .sx The French advocated the complete subjugation of the National Bank to the Government , so that the chairman and the two vice-chairmen should be appointed by the Government .sx Immediately after the announcement of the contracting of the loan a sitting was summoned of the National Bank for June 14 to adopt these changes .sx These changes in the statutes will certainly make it very difficult in future for Yugoslavia to raise loans in any other country but France .sx THE DEPORTED INGRIAN .sx PEASANTS .sx FAILURE OF SETTLEMENT PLANS .sx FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT .sx RIGA , MAY 18 .sx The committee appointed by the Soviet Government for settling the de-ported Ingrian peasants on the Murmansk coast has reported from Murmansk that the plans for creating a new fishing settlement had miscarried and that a number of deported peasants have escaped .sx The deportation of the peasants from the Leningrad district began in February and March in furtherance of a plan to create a strong White Sea fishing industry .sx The agents collected more than 1,000 families and sent them to the north by train , telling them that they were mobilized for temporary service on the Murmansk coast , where they would have model dwellings and living conditions .sx The authorities failed to prepare for their reception , and their hardships were in-creased by the belatedness of spring .sx The authorities blame a certain unnamed kaiak for inciting the deported peasants to flee from the Teriberka district , but whether they have arrived home is not reported .sx Comrade Krechin , who had supreme command of the settlement on the Murmansk coast , has now been dismissed from his post and other officials reprimanded for mismanagement , but the authorities say there is still time to settle 1,300 families before the autumn if stricter control is introduced immediately .sx LOOTED SPANISH CONVENTS .sx RETURN OF PROPERTY ORDERED .sx FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT MADRID , MAY 18 .sx The committee appointed to study the draft constitution which the Provisional Government will submit to the Constituent Cortes began sitting to-day in the Senate .sx Ecclesiastical property is rapidly being placed under private ownership and large notices may be seen over the entrance to churches announcing that the building is the property of such-and-such a company .sx Charitable institutions cover their walls with posters in the Republicans' colours , bearing inscriptions such as " This home is for the free education of orphans of workmen .sx Long live the Spanish Republic .sx " The Government is taking to pieces some hutments that formed part of an emergency hospital with a view to their being re-erected on sites near the burnt convents , so that some of the numerous poor children whose education has been interrupted may have at least some sort of housing in which to learn to read and write .sx Persons who have in their possession property removed from the religious buildings that have been pillaged or burnt have been given two days in which to restore it to the rightful owners .sx Seven cows and a calf have thus been rescued from the stables of a cattle dealer whence they had found their way from the Sacred Heart Convent at Chamartin .sx