World  of  Art   .sx
NEW  GAINSBOROUGH  LANDSCAPE  IDENTIFIED   .sx

ANOTHER  ART  TREASURE  FOR  AMERICA   .sx

By  R.  R.  TATLOCK   .sx

THE  publication  of  THE  DAILY  TELEGRAPH  special  supplement  on  Monday  , with  its  many  reproductions  of  photographs  of  English  beauty  spots  and  its  descriptive  article  by  Mr.  S.  P.  B.  Mais  , happens  to  coincide  with  an  important  art  discovery  , which  is  illustrated  on  Page  Sixteen  of  this  issue  , for  the  first  time  in  any  journal .sx   

The  painting  is  the  work  of  the  greatest  of  all  English  landscape  painters  , which  is  to  say  the  greatest  landscape  painter  of  the  world  -  Thomas  Gainsborough .sx   Yesterday  evening  an  English  collector  , who  desires  to  remain  anonymous  , parted  with  it  to  an  American  , Mr.  John  Levy  of  New  York .sx   The  authorship  of  the  picture  was  a  few  days  ago  identified  in  London  by  Sir  Charles  Holmes  , who  knows  more  about  Gainsborough  than  does  anybody  else  , and  by  myself .sx   

I  have  not  had  sufficient  time  to  identify  the  particular  beauty  spot  depicted  , but  judging  by  the  style  of  the  brushwork  , I  am  quite  sure  that  it  is  in  the  vicinity  of  Ipswich .sx   My  reason  for  saying  so  is  that  the  manner  of  expression  is  unlike  the  earliest  period  of  Gainsborough  , when  he  was  still  a  tyro  ( and  how  remarkable  a  one !sx   ) , a  clothier's  son  in  the  tiny  country  town  of  Sudbury .sx   On  the  other  hand  , the  style  is  not  at  all  like  that  of  Gainsborough's  later  period  , when  he  so  boldly  left  Ipswich  and  its  leafy  lanes  , bubbling  waters  and  green  mansions  , in  order  to  paint  with  Reynolds  as  a  rival  , the  youth  and  beauty  of  Bath .sx   It  is  just  possible  that  some  reader  of  these  notes  who  knows  Suffolk  better  than  I  may  be  able  to  identify  the  spot  which  on  this  occasion  , probably  in  the  late  seventeen-fifties  , inspired  Gainsborough .sx   When  helping  to  organise  the  great  Bicentenary  Exhibition  of  the  artist's  works  at  Ipswich  in  1927  , I  was  surprised  and  delighted  to  find  that  the  spots  chosen  by  the  painter  were  in  many  cases  familiar  to  the  present  inhabitants  of  the  county .sx   

The  discovery  of  the  Gainsborough  is  another  reminder  of  the  many  hundreds  of  great  landscape  paintings  that  have  been  inspired  through  centuries  of  England's  green  and  pleasant  land .sx   To  recall  them  as  they  exist  in  the  public  and  private  collections  of  the  country  is  analogous  to  the  experience  of  taking  a  long  tour  through  England  itself .sx   

Even  if  we  select  only  one  gallery  , the  Tate  , it  is  astonishing  to  realise  how  cleverly  our  English  painters  have  held  the  mirror  up  to  nature  , how  sensitively  they  have  described  in  paint  their  emotions  and  expressed  their  personalities  when  confronted  by  those  rich  and  varied  scenes .sx   

I  have  selected  , by  way  of  illustrations  , two  masterpieces  from  the  Tate  Gallery  , which  , though  here  reproduced  only  on  a  small  scale  , are  , at  any  rate  , reminders  of  how  our  painters  have  portrayed  the  English  countryside .sx   

The  first  picture  was  the  result  of  Crome's  progress  to  the  North  , and  it  is  amusing  to  consider  how  , in  spite  of  the  wilder  aspect  of  Westmorland  , he  cannot  quite  break  away  from  the  influence  of  that  Norfolk  but  for  which  , one  almost  feels  , he  could  not  have  existed  as  a  great  painter .sx   

The  trees  , varying  in  height  and  girth  , in  family  and  in  age  , are  obviously  painted  by  one  who  not  only  understood  , but  loved  them .sx   There  is  in  this  landscape  ample  evidence  that  Crome  , according  to  his  own  principles  as  an  artist  , was  as  studious  and  as  well  informed  as  the  best  of  scientific  arboriculturists .sx   And  yet  he  was  able  to  materialise  his  impression  of  the  scene  not  only  with  accuracy  , but  with  infinite  , with  indescribable  beauty .sx   

Next  we  have  Constable's  " Flatford  Mill  , " that  mill  which  to  him  was  like  no  other  mill  in  the  world  , with  which  he  fell  so  deeply  in  love  and  which  he  succeeded  in  immortalising .sx   It  can  be  seen  to-day  in  exactly  the  same  condition  as  it  existed  when  Constable  lingered  about  it  and  sketched  it  and  painted  it  so  often .sx   

Opinion  is  justifiably  divided  as  to  the  name  of  our  greatest  English  landscape  painter .sx   But  the  choice  lies  , I  think  , between  two .sx   One  must  , like  myself  , either  pronounce  the  name  of  Gainsborough  or  that  of  Turner .sx   It  is  really  idle  to  compare  such  master-painters .sx   Turner's  was  certainly  an  amazing  genius .sx   He  was  , perhaps  , a  less  brilliant  landscapist  than  Gainsborough  , but  he  had  a  greater  scenic  sense .sx   He  was  far  less  spontaneous  , but  a  far  finer  topographical  craftsman .sx   

The  glories  of  the  English  countryside  are  still  the  chief  subject  of  the  English  artist's  brush .sx   So  many  fine  landscapists  are  painting  and  exhibiting  not  only  in  London  but  in  every  provincial  centre  , that  selection  of  them  by  name  would  seem  to  be  impossible  , even  absurd .sx   Those  who  follow  the  trend  of  modern  English  painting  well  know  that  our  heritage  still  bears  splendid  fruit .sx   

BYZANTINE  ART  TREASURES   .sx

AN  EPOCH-MAKING  EXHIBITION   .sx

FROM  A  SPECIAL  CORRESPONDENT   .sx

At  the  Musee  des  Arts  Decoratifs  is  housed  an  International  Exhibition  of  Byzantine  Art  which  it  is  no  exaggeration  to  characterise  as  epoch-making .sx   Visitors  to  the  capital  find  objects  of  absorbing  interest  to  arrest  their  attention  in  this  wonderful  display  , which  remains  open  till  July  9 .sx   

For  here  , for  the  first  time  on  so  large  a  scale  , have  been  brought  together  splendid  specimens  of  all  kinds  which  usually  are  scattered  in  distant  museums  , in  private  collections  , and  in  remote  church  treasuries .sx   Shown  side  by  side  in  the  Pavillon  de  Marsan  , comparison  between  them  is  now  easy .sx   

The  700  or  so  treasures  now  on  view  are  of  infinite  variety .sx   Among  them  are  ivories  carved  with  surpassing  skill  ; textiles  which  include  many  magnificent  silk  brocades  ; jewels  and  objects  carved  out  of  semi-precious  stones  ; enamels  and  sculptures  ; precious  examples  of  glass  and  ceramics  , of  which  specimens  of  genuine  Byzantine  provenance  are  extremely  rare  ; and  richly  illuminated  manuscripts .sx   One  striking  example  of  the  last  is  the  sixth  century  Gospel  on  red  parchment  , lent  by  the  Cathedral  of  Rossano  in  Calabria .sx   Then  there  is  splendid  metal  work  , such  as  the  very  finely  embossed  silver  dishes  of  the  sixth  or  seventh  century  , one  of  which  found  in  Syria  by  the  Orontes  comes  from  the  Bliss  collection  in  Washington .sx   

In  this  latter  section  is  found  one  of  the  exhibits  that  most  vividly  strikes  the  imagination .sx   It  is  the  wonderful  " Antioch  " Chalice  from  the  Kouchakji  collection  in  New  York  , which  was  found  in  1910  at  Antioch  , and  is  said  in  virtue  of  a  ( probably  legendary  ) tradition  to  be  the  actual  cup  used  at  the  Last  Supper .sx   Its  present  decoration  of  human  figures  and  animals  amongst  wines  must  be  a  later  adornment .sx   

The  Arras  Museum  lends  the  gold  medallion  commemorating  the  arrival  of  Constantius  Chlorus  in  the  Port  of  London  in  the  year  279  A.  D.  -  Constantius  Chlorus  , who  was  afterwards  Emperor  , and  was  the  father  of  his  more  famous  son  Constantine  the  Great .sx   From  South  Kensington  comes  a  highly  interesting  exhibit  -  one  of  the  cloisonne  enamel  plaques  from  the  celebrated  crown  of  Constantine  Monomachos  ( 11th  century  ) , of  which  the  remaining  pieces  are  in  the  Budapest  Museum .sx   

The  textiles  include  early  woollen  Coptic  tapestries  which  have  come  chiefly  from  Antinoe  in  Egypt  , and  are  now  lent  by  the  Musee  Guimet  in  Paris .sx   There  are  gorgeous  silk  brocades  , many  of  which  are  particularly  interesting  in  that  they  present  Sassanian  designs .sx   Italy  , Belgium  , Hungary  , Spain  , England  ( the  Victoria  and  Albert  Museum  is  well  represented  ) have  all  sent  stuffs  , while  from  nearer  home  the  Cathedral  Chapter  at  Sens  have  been  most  generous  in  lending  a  large  assortment  of  specimens  from  the  renowned  treasury .sx   

A  SPASMODIC  PLAY   .sx

STORY  OF  A  QUIXOTIC  SACRIFICE   .sx

" THE  UNFORSEEN  "  .sx

One  of  the  marks  by  which  you  may  recognise  the  good  oarsman  is  his  ability  to  keep  his  boat  running  between  the  strokes .sx   And  one  of  the  chief  qualities  that  distinguish  the  good  dramatist  is  a  similar  faculty  for  keeping  his  play  moving  between  the  incidents .sx   

This  faculty  lies  quite  outside  the  present  compass  of  " Henry  Rex  , " author  of  " The  Unforeseen  , " which  was  produced  last  night  at  the  Prince  of  Wales's .sx   In  between  its  incidents  her  play  stops  with  a  jerk .sx   Her  characters  hang  about  the  stage  , discussing  things  outside  the  play  and  therefore  of  no  interest  to  the  audience  , until  it  is  time  for  the  plot  to  take  its  next  spasmodic  leap  forward .sx   

By  this  means  she  kills  her  play  , and  particularly  its  third  act  stone  dead .sx   She  leaves  herself  no  material  to  speak  of  for  that  third  act .sx   Nothing  happens  except  that  John  , Earl  of  Chasemore  , arrives  home  , having  been  ruined  by  a  lawsuit  , and  blows  out  his  brains .sx   This  provides  about  five  minutes  of  significant  drama  , drowned  in  half  an  hour  of  irrelevant  chatter .sx   

The  author  must  also  learn  to  supply  her  characters  with  plausible  motives  for  what  they  do .sx   For  instance  , John  , her  young  earl  , refuses  -  for  the  honour  of  his  family  -  to  win  his  case  against  his  vicious  , wastrel  brother  Paul  by  proving  that  Paul  is  illegitimate .sx   He  then  shoots  himself  , with  the  result  that  the  illegitimate  , vicious  wastrel  succeeds  to  his  title .sx   What  good  , I  would  like  to  know  , does  the  author  think  John  has  done  for  the  honour  of  his  family  by  this  fatuous  proceeding ?sx   

Her  play  was  well  acted .sx   Mr.  Edgar  Norfolk  , Miss  Barbara  Hoffe  , Miss  Gertrude  Sterroll  , Miss  Claire  Harris  , and  Mr.  Owen  Reynolds  were  all  extremely  sound  in  the  chief  parts .sx   Miss  Elizabeth  Vaughan  made  a  very  attractive  figure  in  the  prologue  , and  filled  me  with  regret  that  the  exigencies  of  the  plot  demanded  her  death  before  we  got  to  Act .sx   I.  And  Mr.  Ronald  Ward  made  a  very  promising  appearance  as  the  attractive  but  deplorable  Paul .sx   

MOZART'S  " MAGIC  FLUTE  "  .sx

PROFESSOR  STRNAD'S  SETTING   .sx

BRILLIANT  CAST   .sx

For  the  first  time  for  many  years  a  Covent  Garden  audience  last  night  witnessed  a  performance  of  " The  Magic  Flute  " of  Mozart  in  its  original  German .sx   

It  was  a  veritable  occasion  for  the  connoisseur  of  operatic  art  , and  there  were  many  in  the  auditorium  who  had  come  not  out  of  idleness  , but  to  judge  intelligently  , a  production  that  brought  some  new  singers  and  an  entirely  new  decor  -  the  latter  a  rare  enough  event  at  Covent  Garden .sx   Habitues  had  long  been  accustomed  to  makeshift  scenery  , with  its  anachronisms  and  absurdities  ; how  would  Strnad  , the  Czechoslovakian  artist  , adapt  his  modern  art  to  the  old  situation ?sx   

At  the  risk  of  being  trite  one  must  observe  that  this  ageless  music  will  survive  any  setting .sx   One  accepts  without  debate  the  obscurities  of  Schikaneder's  liberetto  and  the  mysterious  implications  of  Freemasonry  it  is  known  to  contain .sx   To-day  , and  for  all  time  , it  is  the  music  that  matters .sx   

In  this  new  mounting  of  an  old  opera  we  had  a  proscenium  within  the  proscenium  , with  its  own  little  " avant-scne  " preserved  throughout  the  whole  production  , very  simple  beauty  of  form  being  economically  brought  about  -  in  the  first  Act  particularly  -  by  an  inspired  use  of  circles  and  angles .sx   Colour  was  largely  a  matter  of  lighting  , while  the  more  ornate  effects  were  confined  to  costumes  -  chiefly  of  the  priests  in  white  and  gold .sx   

A  STIMULATING  PERFORMANCE   .sx

Herr  Bruno  Walter  is  not  one  to  bury  his  head  in  the  score  , and  although  his  beat  in  " Der  Ring  " may  occasionally  seem  ambiguous  to  London  players  , the  guidance  of  the  orchestral  machine  in  Mozart  is  technically  a  simpler  problem .sx   Of  the  glorious  Overture  he  gave  us  a  stimulating  performance  , and  , generally  speaking  , the  band  was  on  its  best  behaviour .sx   

Here  , once  more  , we  had  a  cast  that  was  a  delight  to  watch  ( for  they  could  act  ) and  to  listen  to  ( for  they  could  sing) .sx   From  the  moment  Gerhardt  Husch  sang  Papageno's  first  song  with  the  pipe  , " Der  Vogelfnger  bin  ich  ja  , " he  held  us  all  the  time  he  was  on  the  stage .sx   He  made  Papageno  the  most  delightful  , lusty  , temperamental  fellow  imaginable .sx   Marcel  Wittrisch  , in  the  role  of  Tamino  , gave  us  some  fine  singing  of  the  authentic  bel  canto  order  , notably  in  the  lovely  andante  aria  " Wie  stark  ist  nicht  dein  Zauberton .sx   " 

In  their  respective  ways  Margarethe  Teschemacher  as  Pamina  and  Noel  Eadie  as  Queen  of  the  Night  made  exceedingly  happy  impressions .sx   Both  seemed  a  little  nervous  to  begin  with  , but  quickly  gained  confidence  in  themselves .sx   Ivar  Andresen  and  Herbert  Janssen  were  twin  towers  of  strength .sx